Fundamentals of digital data acquisition, Dynamic transducers for transient measurements; Fundamentals of digital image processing, Lasers and laser safety; Principle and application of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Laser Doppler Velociemtry (LDV); Fundamentals of spectroscopy; Rayleigh scattering; Raman Scaterring, Laaser Induced Fluorescene, and their application in species concentration and temperature measurements. Digital Background oriented Schileren; Optical patternation for spray diagnostics.